Comparative Analysis of Process Compatibility Between Phenylvinyl Silicone Rubber and Platinum-Catalyzed Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)
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I. Comparison of Basic Material Characteristics
1.1 Characteristics of Phenylvinyl Silicone Rubber
Phenylvinyl silicone rubber is a special type of organosilicon material, polymerized from siloxane monomers with different functional groups such as methyl, phenyl, and vinyl groups. This material retains the basic characteristics of silicone rubber, such as resistance to high and low temperatures (-100℃ to 300℃) and aging resistance, while also gaining special properties through the introduction of phenyl and vinyl groups. The introduction of phenyl groups improves the material's radiation resistance. In the nuclear industry or aerospace field, equipment seals need to withstand high-intensity radiation. Conventional rubber would accelerate aging and cracking, but components made from methylphenylvinyl silicone rubber can extend their service life by 3-5 times. The addition of vinyl groups gives the material better vulcanization activity, making it easier to cross-link with other additives during processing, which is crucial for producing complex-shaped seals or damping pads.
1.2 Characteristics of Platinum-Catalyzed Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)
Platinum-catalyzed liquid silicone rubber (LSR) is a non-toxic, heat-resistant, and highly resilient flexible thermosetting material. Its rheological behavior is mainly characterized by low viscosity, rapid curing, shear thinning, and a high coefficient of thermal expansion. LSR is a two-component liquid rapid vulcanization material using platinum as a catalyst, which can be processed using injection molding for large-scale, rapid, and repeatable mechanical production. Its products exhibit good thermal stability (working temperature range -60℃ to 250℃), cold resistance, excellent electrical insulation properties, and do not produce toxic substances when burned. Research on the dielectric properties of platinum-catalyzed addition-cured liquid vinyl silicone rubber shows that the amount of chloroplatinic acid-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane (Karstedt type) catalyst significantly affects the performance of the silicone rubber. When the catalyst mass fraction is 1.15 × 10^-5, the silicone rubber cures well, and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss are small and relatively stable with frequency changes.
II. Analysis of Processing Technology Differences
2.1 Processing Technology of Phenylvinyl Silicone Rubber
The processing technology of phenylvinyl silicone rubber is relatively complex, mainly including the following steps:
Mixing process: Mixing can be carried out using an open mill or an internal mixer. The mixing time for each batch of rubber on an open mill is approximately 20-40 minutes, with the temperature controlled below 40℃; the mixing time for each batch of rubber in an internal mixer is approximately 8-18 minutes, with a filling coefficient controlled at 0.7-0.75, and the discharge temperature is usually controlled at 50℃-70℃.
Heat treatment process: When using untreated fumed silica as a reinforcing agent, a structure control agent must be added to the rubber compound, and heat treatment (160℃-200℃ for 1-1.5 hours) is required to further combine the structure control agent with the surface of the silica.
Filtering process: For extruded and calendered products, the rubber compound must be filtered, and a mesh size of 120-200 mesh is recommended.
Reworking process: After standing, the rubber compound needs to be reworked. Insufficient reworking will lead to poor flexibility and uneven surface of the rubber compound; excessive reworking will cause the surface of the rubber compound to become sticky.
2.2 Processing Technology of Platinum-Catalyzed Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)
Platinum-catalyzed liquid silicone rubber uses injection molding technology and has the following characteristics:
Two-component ratio: Component A (containing platinum catalyst) and Component B (containing crosslinking agent) are used in a 1:1 weight ratio, with some products using a 100:2 ratio.
Injection molding process: The mixed material is injected into a hot mold through a screw, and cured at a mold temperature of 170-200℃. To prevent leakage, a needle valve is installed on the mold surface, and the nozzle is immediately closed after injection.
Feeding system: Different types of feeding systems can be used, such as double-acting pumps, single-acting pumps, or synchronous single-acting pumps with check valves.
High degree of automation: LSR injection molding technology offers precise dimensions, small tolerances, fine burrs, exquisite appearance, and a high degree of automation.
III. Key Differences in Process Adaptability
3.1 Processing Temperature Differences
Phenylvinyl raw rubber: Mixing temperature controlled below 40℃, heat treatment temperature 160-200℃
Platinum-catalyzed liquid silicone rubber: Injection molding mold temperature 170-200℃
3.2 Comparison of Process Complexity
Parameter Phenylvinyl Raw Rubber Platinum-catalyzed Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)
Raw Material Preparation Requires mixing and heat treatment Two-component system, direct use
Processing Equipment Open mill/internal mixer Dedicated injection molding machine
Automation Level Low High
Process Control Multi-step complex control Centralized parameter control
Production Cycle Long (several hours) Short (several minutes)
3.3 Material Compatibility Considerations
Catalyst Sensitivity: The platinum catalyst in platinum-catalyzed liquid silicone rubber is used in extremely low amounts (2-5 ppm) and is highly susceptible to "poisoning" reactions with impurities (such as sulfur and nitrogen compounds), leading to failure. The vulcanization system (such as peroxides) used in the processing of phenylvinyl raw rubber may contain these impurities.
Processing Equipment Compatibility: The processing equipment for phenylvinyl raw rubber (open mill, internal mixer) is completely different from that of LSR injection molding machines, resulting in high equipment conversion costs.
Product Form Differences: Phenylvinyl raw rubber is suitable for producing complex-shaped seals; LSR is more suitable for mass production of precision injection molded parts.
IV. Application Areas and Process Selection Recommendations
4.1 Application Areas of Phenyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber
Extreme environment applications: Power equipment, electronic appliances, automotive engine components
High-radiation environments: Nuclear industry, aerospace sealing components
Complex shaped products: Irregular shaped sealing rings, shock absorbers, etc.
4.2 Application Areas of Platinum-catalyzed Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)
Medical and healthcare products: Medical catheters, implants
Food contact materials: Baby products, kitchen utensils
Electronic components: Cable accessories, insulation parts
Precision injection molded parts: Small parts with complex structures
4.3 Process Selection Recommendations
Product performance requirements: If the product needs to operate in extreme temperature or radiation environments, prioritize phenyl vinyl silicone rubber; if high purity and biocompatibility are required, choose LSR.
Production scale: Small-batch, multi-variety production is suitable for phenyl vinyl silicone rubber; large-batch, standardized production is suitable for LSR injection molding.
Cost considerations: Phenyl vinyl silicone rubber has lower equipment investment but higher labor costs; LSR has higher equipment investment but higher automation, and long-term production costs may be lower.
Technical capabilities: Phenyl vinyl silicone rubber processing technology is mature but process control is complex; LSR requires a professional injection molding technical team.
V. Industry Development Trends and Innovation Directions
Process innovation: Develop continuous production processes for phenyl vinyl silicone rubber to improve automation; optimize low-temperature rapid curing technology for LSR.
Material modification: Develop new silicone rubber materials that combine the radiation resistance of phenyl vinyl silicone rubber and the processing performance of LSR.
Equipment upgrade: Develop multi-functional production equipment compatible with both processing technologies to improve production flexibility.
Environmentally friendly processes: Reduce the use of solvents in phenyl vinyl silicone rubber processing; develop low-VOC formulations for LSR.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that there are significant differences in process adaptability between phenyl vinyl silicone rubber and platinum-catalyzed liquid silicone rubber. Companies should make reasonable choices based on product needs, production conditions, and market positioning. With technological advancements, the process boundaries of the two materials may gradually blur, providing more possibilities for silicone rubber product manufacturing.