Joy · reading
Interviewing guests:
He yunao, professor and doctoral supervisor of School of history, Nanjing University, director of Institute of culture and natural heritage, Nanjing University
reporter:
Xinhua daily · intersection reporter Xu Ning
2197 words
It takes about six minutes to read
He yunao: Nanjing, why is it so important?
Xu Ning
Reporter: after Cultural Jiangsu: history and trend, you recently launched a sister article cultural Nanjing: history and trend. How is this book different from the previous book written in Nanjing?
He yunao: from the perspective of the overall development of Chinese civilization, this book is to consider the geographical advantages, occurrence and development process, cultural connotation, major events, historical stages, unique contributions, cultural characteristics, historical status and other issues of Nanjing city. Among them, the accumulation of years of ancient discoveries should be the characteristics of this book. By using the materials and methods of documentary history, archaeology and historical anthropology, cultural Nanjing attempts to interpret Nanjing from three angles of time, space and culture and from the perspective of connecting ancient and modern times, and observes the extraordinary history and unique significance of a city's cultural life through a methodology.
Reporter: in terms of time, what is the overall trend of Nanjing's development?
He yunao: Nanjing has been a process from the marginalization of civilization to the center of stage from ancient times to the present and finally settled in the regional portal. Historically, Nanjing's Governance Space Center, which is equivalent to the provincial level and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, accounted for 57.3% - 72.3% of Nanjing's urban history, including the governance of Yangzhou in the Six Dynasties, the governance of Jiangnan East Road in the Song Dynasty, the governance of nanzhili in the Ming Dynasty, and the governance of Governors of the two rivers in the Qing Dynasty. This reflects Nanjing's spatial advantage in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially in Jiangsu, Anhui and some parts of Jiangxi, which is also the potential spatial advantage of Nanjing's urban position in the regional development at present and in the future. In recent years, with the completion of new railways such as Ninghe, Ningqi, Ningxi, ninghan, NInghang and Ningan, Nanjing has become an important transportation hub in the Yangtze River Delta, and its radiation effect on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River Basin has become more prominent.
Reporter: from the perspective of space, what are the status of Nanjing under different vision systems?
He yunao: from an international perspective, Nanjing is an important city along the maritime Silk Road, and the East Asian international system was first formed in the Six Dynasties. Japanese scholars once said vividly that Nanjing in the Southern Dynasty was the sun of East Asia, and the cities of the surrounding countries were just planets, which were the recipients of cultural radiation of religion, culture, art and technology. During the period of the Republic of China, Nanjing was China's diplomatic center, influencing the current world situation and China's current politics. At present, Nanjing has become an international ancient capital of China. In the ancient capital system, Nanjing is the only ancient capital without displacement for thousands of years. Compared with the ancient capital in the north, it has a historical accumulation of river hugging development.
From the perspective of the four major cultural regions, Nanjing is not only the center of the Yangtze River Cultural plate, but also the blending place of the Yellow River culture, Yangtze River culture and Southeast ocean culture. Therefore, Nanjing is not only vital to the development of Chinese civilization, but also occupies an important position in the history of world civilization.
Reporter: Nanjing is culturally "alienated" from the Wu culture circle in the south of the Yangtze River, and geographically close to Anhui, which makes Nanjing have the title of "big Hui Jing". What do you think of this cultural phenomenon?
He yunao: it is generally believed that the culture of the Yangtze River is the foundation of Nanjing culture and the reason for the continuous rejuvenation of Nanjing city. However, the development of Nanjing is closely related to the ancient capital culture of the Yellow River Basin. From the archaeological evidence, the earliest culture of the northern Yinyang camp in Nanjing is different from that of the Taihu Lake Basin. Nanjing has the northern cultural factors from the beginning, including the dianjiangtai culture and the lake culture Mature culture (Bronze Age) has cultural factors from Henan and Shandong. In fact, up to now, there has been a debate about whether Nanjing is south of the Yangtze River. As for the "great Hui capital", although it is a folk talk, it is a fact that Nanjing was the capital of Anhui Province in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
From the perspective of cultural geography, most of Zhu Yuanzhang and his founders came from the shore of Huaihe River in Anhui Province. After coming to Nanjing, they naturally promoted the fashion and diet of Nanjing to Anhui. In addition, nanzhili of the Ming Dynasty is also one of the current Anhui. From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Nanjing was the capital of Anhui. In the Kangxi period, although Anhui Province was divided into Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province, the governor's office of the two rivers was still in Nanjing. Today's cognition of folk "Huijing" also reflects the attraction and cohesion of a kind of culture. This psychological consensus is hidden in the historical shaping and Millennium inheritance, and is also conducive to promoting the integration construction of Ninghe urban belt.
Reporter: Historically, only Nanjing and Beijing remain in the first level administrative region known as "Beijing". What role does this "Beijing" cultural complex play in the cultivation of Nanjing's cultural identity?
He yunao: as the name of a city, Nanjing has been favored by history and respected by history, which reflects cultural influence.
The ancient cultural personality of Nanjing is embodied in the integration of "imperial state" and "beautiful land". The culture of imperial capital, gentry and marketplace reflect each other, which is also the embodiment of Nanjing culture and the culture of North and south. From the Six Dynasties to the modern times, the status of the marketplace culture is rising, the color of the imperial capital culture is fading, and the gentry culture is always the mainstay connecting the two.
We have summed up the historical and cultural characteristics of Nanjing as follows: dragon, tiger, river and Huaihe River; ten dynasties' capitals, inheriting the past and opening up the future; taking photos of Wuyue, blending the north and the South; collecting and distributing culture, gathering talents; indomitable, peaceful forever; landscape, City and forest, leaving treasures everywhere; ancient and modern brilliant, moving towards modern.
Reporter: there is a view that Nanjing is a sad city. What do you think of this view?
He yunao: in fact, we should compare the Southern Dynasties in different periods with the perspective of development and the position of culture. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Wu and Yue in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were finally annexed by Chu from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. But at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Wu was able to go up the river and occupy Jingzhou. Since then, the political center of the Yangtze River Basin has been in Nanjing, the downstream area.
The founders of Yangwu and Zhuming are all from the middle of Anhui Province. The capital of Southern Tang and Zhuming is Nanjing. Although the Southern Tang Dynasty occupied a corner of the southeast, it could not unify the whole country, but the Ming Dynasty unified the whole country from the south to the north, indicating that the South was developing continuously and gradually becoming the leading power of the country.
The political center of southern China has been moving southward. The Six Dynasties are in Jiankang, the Southern Song Dynasty is in Hangzhou. The Republic of China rose in Lingnan. The development momentum of the South has surpassed that of the north, and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River has surpassed that of the middle reaches. If we see the general trend of the interactive development between the north and the south of China, see that the South has gradually become the center of China's economy and culture, and observe the role of Nanjing in it, we will not regard Nanjing as a failed city.
Reporter: in today's Yangtze River Delta integration process, will Nanjing's historical position and position change in the future?
He yunao: for China, its economic and cultural development cannot be separated from Nanjing. In the future regional development of Nanjing, we should consider the shortage of geographical conditions, develop the advantages and avoid the disadvantages, give full play to the advantages of modern transportation, modern informatization, marketization and technology, modern education and talents, so as to make up for the geographical defects and play a more practical role in regional space radiation. China city city city was declared the 23 one in September 2019, one belt, one road, and the other is the national logistics hub city. With the status of the national new area (Jiangbei new district), the national free trade area (Jiangsu) and the national cross border e-commerce comprehensive demonstration area and the "one belt and one road" intersection City, Nanjing has the right to move from the hub city of China to the global city. "Nanjing" is the city's main city.
As Dr. Sun Yat-sen said, "there are mountains, deep waters, and plains in the land. These three kinds of heavenly works, Zhong Yu, can hardly find such a good place in the world's metropolises. It is also the center of the most abundant regions on both sides of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Nanjing's future development cannot be limited. "
Source: Yue's reading official account
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