At present, the new coronavirus has spread all over the country and gradually to the world, which is a great test for the public health emergency system of China and the world. Our country's rapid emergency response ability has built up a line of defense for the prevention and control of the epidemic.
In order to prevent the spread of the virus, isolation is a very effective means, and the "gold standard" of isolation is ultimately nucleic acid detection. However, there are some limitations in the existing virus nucleic acid detection technology: 1) the sample processing and detection process is complex and time-consuming, requiring the cooperation of multiple instruments; 2) the detection accuracy is low, and the false negative is high; 3) the qualitative detection is the main method, which can not distinguish subtypes and similar symptoms of influenza virus, resulting in cross infection; 4) the samples collected on site need to be packaged and sent to the hospital for detection, Lack of equipment that can be tested on site. In order to isolate and cure in time and accurately, and control the spread of the epidemic more effectively, a more accurate real-time nucleic acid detection technology which can be easily operated on site is urgently needed.
Wang Guanghui, associate professor of the school of modern engineering and Applied Sciences of Nanjing University (deputy director of the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of education of intelligent optical sensing and control technology), led the graduate students to combine microfluidic chip technology with optical detection and control technology, and committed to the research and application of rapid diagnosis technology for biomedical.
Microfluidic chip technology integrates the whole reaction and analysis process of biology, chemistry and medicine into a fluid chip, and automatically completes the whole complex experimental process that can only be completed in the laboratory before. Optical detection is an important non-contact detection technology, which can be used to monitor the reaction, and has the advantages of high speed, parallel, high sensitivity and so on. Optical manipulation technology is a kind of integrated manipulation method based on near-field optical force of micro nano structure.
Wang Guanghui's research group takes microfluidics, single cells, nanoparticles and biomacromolecules as the objects, and adopts three technical platforms, lab-on-a-disc, lab-in-a-fiber and lab-on-a-chip, to realize the integrated control, reaction control and high-sensitivity optical detection of ultramicro substances, and expand its application in biomedical, public security and other aspects. The relevant research presided over was supported by NSFC youth program (2014-2016), general program (2019-2022), key program (2016-2020, ranking second) and key research and development program of Ministry of science and Technology (2016-2019). In recent years, more than 50 SCI papers have been published in major international journals, of which 6 papers have been published in lab on a chip (if6.1), the top journal in the field of microfluidics, as the corresponding author or the first author.
For the centrifugal force driven lab-on-a-disc technology, the research team first proposed the concept of "polymorphic" and "active" centrifugal force microfluidic chip, and advanced fluid chip design and packaging technology, which enables more complex logic structure and functional control on the chip. Relevant articles were invited to be published on the cover of lab on a chip. Finally, the process of sample pretreatment, nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid amplification detection is integrated into a disc size fluid chip, which can be applied to the scene of "sample in and result out" real-time detection (POCT), and the chip development of virus nucleic acid detection, drug sensitivity detection, verification factor detection and gastric cancer marker detection are carried out.
In order to promote the real application of technology, the research group also carried out in-depth cooperation with Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Nanjing Gulou Hospital. The relevant project "the technology and application of real-time detection of important imported infectious diseases nucleic acid based on centrifugal microfluidic chip" was supported by the key R & D plan of Jiangsu Province in 2019. The technology integrates nucleic acid extraction and constant temperature amplification detection into a chip, and realizes virus detection within 45 minutes in the whole process.
Novel coronavirus nucleic acid extraction and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR amplification detection scheme were developed through team effort and cooperation with the unit. The chip and detection system were designed to make full preparations for further technological innovation in the later stage. The research group also novel coronavirus, and also received the support from Nanjing University. The popularization of this technology will greatly reduce the dependence on operators, experimental instruments and experimental sites, and can be used for rapid screening of infectious diseases in grass-roots medical institutions and even communities. It is helpful to promote the rational allocation of medical resources and promote the development of "emergency management system of sudden infectious diseases" towards a more reasonable and effective direction.
Extended reading:
Organ chip technology and market status - 2019 Edition
Current situation of microfluidic industry - 2019 Edition
Next generation sequencing and DNA synthesis: technology, consumable manufacturing and market trends - 2019 Edition
Market and technology trend of medical wearable devices - 2019 Edition
Panoramic analysis of new nanopore sequencing patent 2019 Edition
CRISPR market overview of gene editing technology from laboratory to industry - 2018 Edition
BioMEMS and noninvasive sensors - 2018 Edition
Current situation of China's microfluidic industry 2018 Edition
Liquid biopsy: from separation to downstream application - 2018 Edition