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As a basic science, mathematics is more and more widely used in different industries and fields, affecting and changing our lives.
Recently, the first 13 National Applied Mathematics centers of relevant universities as supporting units announced that they will focus on development needs, build cooperation platforms, and promote the integration of mathematics, engineering application and industrialization. The cooperation and exchange between universities and industry talents will also stimulate new research direction and application fields, and make the chain of R & D, transformation and landing smoother.
Recently, the Ministry of science and technology announced the first batch of 13 National Applied Mathematics centers, and relevant colleges and universities as supporting units were approved for construction. Among them, Jiangsu applied mathematics center, led by Nanjing University and built by Southeast University, will focus on the field of intelligent algorithm, further build a school enterprise cooperation platform, and promote the transformation of scientific research results.
"Mathematics is an ancient subject. The development of modern mathematics promotes the progress of modern society. Every industrial revolution is guided by mathematics. China's 5g standard is also because engineers have turned a mathematical paper more than ten years ago into a reality. " Professor Qin Hourong, director of Jiangsu applied mathematics center and head of Mathematics Department of Nanjing University, introduced that mathematics is the core of many problems in the development of modern society.
Mathematics and different majors
Constantly changing our lives
In our daily life, we can get to know the information from all over the world in time through TV and Internet. This is a mathematical method used for information compression, transmission and decoding. When we click on the mobile phone, the shopping platform shows the push of "thousands of people and thousands of faces" according to different characteristics, and there is a complex mathematical model behind it. We often find that what we buy does not arrive at the city in a straight line, This is the application of operational research in life in the branch of Mathematics In addition, there are many mathematical problems in urban construction and social development, such as meteorological prediction, pollution prevention and control, traffic planning.
"These are the cross fusion of mathematics and different majors, showing the process of this basic science gradually moving from behind the scenes to the front of the stage, constantly influencing and changing our lives." According to Qin Hourong, this shows that mathematics provides theoretical support for other disciplines, research methods for various industries and application means for multiple fields.
Mathematics is the Pearl in the crown of natural science and the foundation of major technological innovation. In 2019, the four departments jointly formulated the work plan on strengthening the research of Mathematical Science, put forward the guiding opinions on the construction of Applied Mathematics center, set up the exchange platform between mathematical science and mathematical application field, focused, proposed, condensed and solved a number of mathematical problems in the major national scientific and technological tasks, major projects, regional and enterprise development needs, becoming aerospace and national defense Important support in safety, biomedicine and other fields.
In Qin Hourong's view, the purpose of the establishment of Jiangsu National Applied Mathematics center is also to serve the local economic development and social innovation. Jiangsu's total industrial output value accounts for about 1 / 8 of the whole country. Although the total amount of manufacturing industry is large, it faces the problem of unbalanced development. How to adapt to the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial reform and accelerate the realization of high-quality development? Taking the industrial manufacturing industry as an example, the transformation and upgrading not only depend on the application of new materials and new technologies, but also the core of industrial big data lies in the innovative application based on mathematical modeling algorithm.
With mathematics playing a more and more important role in high-tech, major engineering, public security, especially artificial intelligence, people's cognition, understanding and attention to it are gradually changing and deepening. "Mathematics itself will also usher in a broader and deeper development opportunity in solving new problems and challenges, in practical application and testing in different industries and fields." Qin said.
Combining development needs and characteristic disciplines to determine research topics
The first 13 "national teams" of applied mathematics have different research directions, but the core objectives are to serve the major strategic needs of the country, to solve the bottleneck problems restricting the development of industry, and to promote major technological innovation.
The intelligent algorithm focused by Jiangsu applied mathematics center is the product of the combination of data science and new algorithm. The research in this field involves various branches and directions of applied mathematics such as differential equation, geometric topology, operational research optimization, probability and statistics.
Based on the analysis of the national social needs and the characteristic disciplines of inventory, the center has established five research groups in the first batch for key application scenarios of intelligent algorithms such as medical image and intelligent diagnosis, radar detection and chip simulation, information communication and intelligent control, aircraft research and design, smart city, etc. The members come from all co constructed universities, including academicians of the European Academy of Sciences, Yangtze scholars, national famous teachers, outstanding young people and other talents.
Not long ago, the medical image processing mathematics team of the center and the "ultrasound doctor team" of a top three hospital launched a breast cancer benign and malignant diagnosis competition based on the B-ultrasound image data of patients. The doctor team is composed of young and middle-aged experts and doctors, who are independent judges according to the combination of B-ultrasound image with medical knowledge and clinical experience; the mathematics team is composed of two master students, who use the B-ultrasound image design algorithm to quickly and automatically judge.
According to the ruling of "gold standard" of pathological examination, the two sides almost tied. Experts from the doctor team believe that image processing methods based on mathematics, using feature extraction, big data analysis and fast algorithm, can provide objective, stable and accurate analysis results, help to reduce the burden of doctors, improve efficiency and accuracy, alleviate the imbalance of medical resources, and provide hierarchical diagnosis and treatment and intelligent medical services.
"Accurate analysis and processing of medical images is the key to accurate medicine and intelligent diagnosis and treatment." Yang Xiaoping, Professor of Mathematics Department of Nanjing University, said that there are still many challenges in medical image processing, such as image segmentation problems with fuzzy and missing target boundaries, theoretical problems of deep learning and so on. Mathematics will play a key role in solving these problems.
Yang Xiaoping introduced that after the completion of the center, it will move from small team to large team, focus on and jointly tackle key problems, more closely connect and solve practical problems, realize the integration and optimization of discipline resources in the whole chain of production, learning and research, and is expected to make contributions to providing original technology and support with independent intellectual property rights for high-end medical equipment in China.
The high-frequency simulation algorithm and software topic of finite element method sounding very high and tall, exploring the efficient solution to the scattering problem of high wave number acoustic wave and electromagnetic wave, can be applied to radar detection, chip design, antenna research and development and other engineering fields. For example, through high-frequency electromagnetic simulation, the target aircraft can be identified more accurately or the radar design can be improved. Wu Haijun, a professor of Mathematics Department of Nanjing University and winner of distinguished young scholars fund, said that numerical simulation of high-frequency fluctuation is a recognized problem in the field of mathematics and engineering.
At present, the finite element high frequency simulation software is still blank in China. There are some industry software in the world, but it is often not suitable for solving the actual high frequency fluctuation problem. This "stuck neck" project needs to be breakthrough through algorithm research. "In this field, the Mathematics Department of Nanjing University is at the forefront of theoretical research in the country and even in the world. After the establishment of the center, it will cooperate with the co construction unit in software research and development and practical application." Said Wu Haijun.
School enterprise joint efforts to promote the application of Mathematics
Innovation, transformation and Implementation
Here, how to carry out various scientific research projects? According to Professor Deng Weibing, deputy director of Mathematics Department of Nanjing University, the key lies in "cross-border integration".
This can be seen from the list of joint construction units of the center: Nanjing University and Southeast University have jointly established Suzhou University, China University of mining and technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing Normal University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Normal University, Nanjing University of information engineering and other universities. The cooperative enterprises involve medical and health, aerospace, information industry, industrial manufacturing and other industries Both have advantages and trumps.
Combining multiple units to carry out collaborative innovation of mathematical application can not only break the academic boundaries within the school, but also break through the research barriers outside the school, promote the integration of government, industry, learning and research, create a "Super Brain", fully and accurately allocate resources, carry out a wide range of cross scientific research and application research, and promote the landing of scientific research results.
The "theoretical analysis and intelligent calculation of pipe flow" in the five key topics aims at the engine design in the aviation engineering to carry out research. Its foundation is aerodynamics, which is widely used in energy materials, transportation, architecture and other aspects, in addition to the manufacturing of aircraft in the aerospace field.
The research team is led by experts from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. The development of mathematics of China Southern Airlines is closely based on the characteristics of aerospace and has the basis of interdisciplinary research; other members of the research group are from Nanjing University, Nanjing Normal University and other universities, which have the disciplinary advantages of basic theory, fluid mechanics and other subdivision fields, and different members can learn from each other.
"Such a strong alliance can not only promote the research in the field of aeroengine, but also stimulate new research directions and application fields, and promote the formation and improvement of communication systems among schools, between schools and enterprises, and across regions." Deng Weibing said that after the establishment of the center, it will also integrate advantageous resources to carry out more in-depth application research.
Next, there are two planning ideas for the national team.
In the application of scientific research, the center will gather the mathematical scientific research forces of the whole province, form the talent gathering effect, establish a long-term mechanism for the transformation of the achievements of government, industry, University and research, and open the last kilometer of scientific and technological innovation.
At present, relying on the center and the Mathematics Department of Nanjing University, Nanjing Nanshu Data Operation Research Institute, a new research and development institution registered by the Nanjing municipal government, has been established to communicate the needs of the government and enterprises, as well as the resources of universities and experts. "It not only avoids the waste of scientific research resources due to the lack of market orientation, but also enables the actual demand to quickly find the corresponding technical support, making the transformation of scientific and technological achievements more convenient and efficient." Deng said.
In terms of personnel training, it is also expected to change the problem of lack of mechanism, funds and channels in employing part-time professors outside the college and outside the college. Through the cross integration of mathematical basis, technology research and development, and application landing, a large number of interdisciplinary talents will be cultivated.
Source: People's daily
Us editor: Cheng Shixue