Nandu appraisal and evaluation laboratory combed the sampling data of masks available on the official website of the national and provincial market supervision and administration departments in the past five years, and observed the overall quality of masks in recent years.
Data shows that from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, at least 64 batches of unqualified non-medical masks were detected, more than 20% of which were produced in Zhejiang Province. Among them, 43 batches are daily protective masks. Filtration efficiency, identification and protection effect are the three main causes of disqualification, including haze Lijing, Yihu, Huakang, etc.
In recent five years, 43 batches of daily protective masks have been disqualified
Wang Xiangqin, director of China industrial textile industry testing center (Guangdong) of Guangzhou inspection group, said in an interview with Nandu reporter earlier that the types of masks can be simply divided into medical masks and non-medical masks, and non-medical masks can be divided into industrial dust masks and daily protective masks according to different places of use. Among them, industrial dust masks, such as kn95 masks, are mainly used to protect workplaces where all kinds of particles are inhaled; daily protective masks, such as PM2.5 masks, are common.
According to the sampling data, among the 64 batches of non-medical mask products, 43 batches are daily protective masks and 21 batches are industrial dust masks. Nandu reporter observed that 43 batches of unqualified daily protective masks contain cotton, gauze, women's masks in various styles, and some products also contain the word "fashion", such as light fashion portable masks, fashionable sun masks, etc.
Among the 21 batches of unqualified industrial dust masks, there are many kinds of products, such as self-priming filter type anti particle respirator, European Cup type dust mask, PM2.5 anti bacteria anti haze mask (with breathing valve), 3D silica gel folding anti particle mask, xiaoshengwukong professional adult protective mask, etc.
Kn mask did not test the penetration and surface moisture resistance of synthetic blood
It is understood that different types of masks follow different standards. For non-medical masks, there are mainly gb2626-2019 respiratory protection self-priming filter type particle respirator, GB / t32610-2016 technical specifications for daily protective masks, etc.
The kn mask corresponds to the gb2626-2019 standard, which is only applicable to the filtration of non oil particles, including Kn90 (≥ 90%), kn95 (≥ 95%), kn100 (≥ 99.97%). The number after kn refers to the filtration efficiency level, and the higher the value, the better the filtration effect. It is worth noting that the kn mask only tests the filtration efficiency of particles, but not the penetration of synthetic blood and the surface moisture resistance. Therefore, the short-term use of this kind of mask can block the virus, but it cannot be used to contact patients who may have splashes or contact patients for a long time.
According to GB / t32610-2016 technical specifications for daily protective respirators, the filter efficiency is divided into three levels according to the filter efficiency. The protection effect of respirators is divided into a, B, C and D levels from high to low. When the protection effect level of respirators is a level, the filter efficiency shall reach level II and above; when the protection effect level of respirators is B, C and D, the filter efficiency shall reach level III and above.
Over 70% of unqualified masks involve filtration efficiency
Industrial dust masks, daily protective masks and so on are mask products which are used more frequently on weekdays. Their filtering efficiency and protective effect are the core of the quality of these masks. According to the sampling data, the main reason for the unqualified mask products in 64 batches is the unqualified filtering efficiency, identification and protection effect. Among them, 46 batches of unqualified masks are related to filtration efficiency, accounting for 71%; the number of batches with substandard identification and protection effect is 23 and 20 respectively.
It is understood that the filter efficiency of the mask is an important indicator of the filter material's ability to remove fine particles. Many masks are thin and light, but their filtration efficiency is very high. Some masks, such as some gauze masks, are very thick, but their filtration efficiency is not ideal.
For the protective effect, the higher the protective performance of the mask, the greater the respiratory resistance, and the wearer needs to spend more effort to achieve gas exchange, so the greater the impact on the comfort performance. With the increase of use time, when the inspiratory resistance is too large, people will have dizziness, chest tightness and other uncomfortable symptoms.
Haze Lijing, Yihu, Huakang and other brands
Two batches of masks have been on the black list
According to the sampling data, 38 brands of 64 batches of unqualified mask products have been named, except some of which are not labeled or unknown. Many brands, such as haze Lijing, Yihu, Huakang, zuozuonv, GMM, etc., all involved two batches of masks unqualified; baoweikang, Huiyou, Youzhi, Nisan, etc., one batch of masks unqualified.
Among them, the first mask manufacturer Shandong Guoye Protection Technology Co., Ltd., two batches of unqualified respirators are self-priming filter type particle respirators; the haze Lijing manufacturer is compulsory Shengqi daily necessities Co., Ltd., two batches of unqualified masks are disposable masks, and the GMM mask is manufactured by Suzhou Letian protection products Co., Ltd. entrusted by minshi trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., two batches of unqualified respirators All lattice masks are protective masks.
From the perspective of mask manufacturers, Hangzhou juechinshi Technology Co., Ltd. has been listed the most times among the unqualified mask manufacturers in the past five years, and three times in 2016-2018. Shandong Guoye Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao Lanqi Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao Qianjiang Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Jianghe medical materials Co., Ltd. of Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, Shanghai Huakang technology protection Co., Ltd., Yiwu Shengqi daily necessities Co., Ltd. have been blacklisted twice.
According to the data, the top five brands of domestic mask industry in 2019 are 3M, green shield mask, Honeywell Honeywell, UVEX and Kowa. However, domestic mask manufacturers are still scattered, small and miscellaneous. According to the report on the spot check results of respirator products of Anhui Provincial Bureau of quality supervision in 2017, at present, the production enterprises of respirator mainly produce low-grade respirators with low technology content and low added value, and the profits of some low-end respirators are only calculated by "points". Under the pressure of product homogeneity and vicious price competition, some production enterprises have the production concept of only seeking quantity and not seeking quality The quality of masks is worrying.
More than 20% of unqualified masks are produced in Zhejiang Province
According to sampling data, 15 batches of unqualified masks in recent five years were produced in Zhejiang, accounting for 23.44% of the total. 9 batches of unqualified masks were produced in Shandong, accounting for 14.06% of the total. 8 batches, 7 batches, 6 batches and 5 batches of unqualified products were detected in Anhui, Shanghai, Guangdong and Jiangsu respectively, accounting for 12.50%, 10.94%, 9.38% and 7.81%. In Hubei Province, two batches of unqualified masks were detected within five years, accounting for 3.13% of the total.
The unqualified rate of masks in Zhejiang Province is relatively high, or it is related to the regional production capacity. According to the data of enterprise survey cat, as of February 11, 2020, there are 4018 existing mask manufacturers in mainland China. Among them, there are 889 mask manufacturers in Zhejiang Province, accounting for more than 20% of the total number of enterprises in China; 588 in Shandong Province, ranking second in China; 436 in Jiangsu Province, ranking third; Hebei, Guangdong, Henan, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei and Beijing ranking second.
Data analysis: Chen Jingyu, Yang Liyun, researcher of Nandu
Intern Dai wanqiu and Feng Xinyu
Data support: Ren Baoyu